《中国工程科学》 >> 2024年 第26卷 第3期 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2024.03.005
连续碳化硅纤维增强碳化硅陶瓷基复合材料在先进核能领域的发展研究
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摘要
先进核能系统的发展对核材料在多场耦合极端环境中的服役稳定性提出了更高要求。连续碳化硅纤维增强碳化硅(SiCf/SiC)陶瓷基复合材料具有低密度、高温力学性能优异、抗腐蚀、耐辐照等优点,且在外力作用下呈现“假塑性”断裂行为,被视为先进核能系统中极具应用前景的新型结构材料。本文首先从材料级、构件级、服役性能三个层面系统总结了核用SiCf/SiC复合材料的基础研究体系,分析了美国、法国、日本等传统核电强国,其他新兴核电国家和我国在核用SiCf/SiC复合材料领域的发展趋势,梳理了我国核用SiCf/SiC复合材料在原材料、数据积累和专利标准等方面存在的问题与发展面临的挑战,针对性地提出了相关措施与建议,包括加强材料制备技术研发、发展研发新范式、强化“产学研用”合作关系、在坚持以我为主的基础上加强国际交流等,以期为我国核用SiCf/SiC复合材料领域的研究方向及决策制定提供参考。
关键词
先进核能系统用材 ; SiCf /SiC复合材料 ; 材料设计 ; 服役性能
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