A functional hybrid nano-hydroxyapatite (carboxymethyl cellulose-phytic acid-n-HA, CMC-PA-n-HA) was prepared by adding CMC and PA. The results of Fourier transformation infrared spectra, X-ray diffraction, thermal gravimetric analysis and dispersion experiments indicated that the addition of CMC and PA affected the morphology, crystallinity and crystal size of hybrid n-HA, and CMC endowed hybrid n-HA with excellent dispersion. Scanning electron microscope results showed that CMC-PA-n-HA nanoparticle could be uniformly dispersed in chitosan (CS) matrix to obtain composite membrane by casting technology, so that the highest tensile strength of CMC-PA-n-HA/CS composite membrane was 69.64% and 144.45% higher than that of CS membrane and n-HA/CS composite membrane, respectively. Contact angle test showed that CMC-PA-n-HA effectively improved hydrophilicity of the CS membrane. The simulated body fluid immersion results indicated that the CMC-PA-n-HA/CS composite membrane not only exhibited good degradability but also promoted bone-like apatite deposition. The cell proliferation experiments proved that the introduction of PA made the composite membrane have better cell adhesion and proliferation ability. Antibacterial tests demonstrated that PA could effectively improve the antibacterial properties of the composite membrane, which is expected to be applied as guide bone tissue regeneration membrane.